UNSC

The UNSC (United Nations Security Council) is the most powerful body of the United Nations, responsible for maintaining international peace and security. Here’s a detailed breakdown:

1. What is the UNSC?
One of the six principal organs of the UN.

Has 15 members:

5 Permanent (P5): China, France, Russia, UK, USA (with veto power).

10 Non-Permanent: Elected for 2-year terms by the UNGA (regional representation).

Primary role: Respond to global crises (wars, terrorism, nuclear threats, etc.).

2. Key Powers & Functions
Enforce binding resolutions (unlike UNGA resolutions, which are mostly advisory).
Authorize military action (e.g., 1991 Gulf War, 2011 Libya intervention).
Impose sanctions (e.g., on North Korea, Iran, Russia).
Deploy peacekeeping missions (e.g., in Congo, South Sudan).
Refer cases to the ICC (International Criminal Court).

3. How Does the UNSC Work?
Meetings: Can be called anytime for emergencies (unlike UNGA’s fixed sessions).

Voting:

9/15 votes needed to pass a resolution.

P5 veto power: Any one permanent member can block a resolution (even if 14/15 agree).

Presidency: Rotates monthly among members.